An Air Force pamphlet with detailed information about the now deactivated 321st Missile Wing that was based at Grand Forks Air Force Base. Safeguard was deployed to protect this wing's Minuteman missiles. Included are several color photos of artwork done by launch crews at some of the launch control centers.
An update to Kenneth Werrell's Archie, Flak, AAA, and SAM published in 1988. He continues to study ground-based air defense systems in new events, including the Gulf War.
Author: Kenneth P. Werrell
Publisher: Air University Press
Date: 2005
Available via free download or hardcopy purchase at Air University Press(New window)
Contains dramatic archive film footage done during the nuclear explosion test of the ~ 5 Megaton SPARTAN missile warhead conducted beneath Amchitka Island, Alaska.
Despite "1951-63" in the title, there are several pages on Safeguard training beginning on page 91, and there's a photo of the training launcher area on page 94. Also, a map of the Safeguard training complex is on page 108.
Authors:
Susan Enscore
Adam Smith
Sunny Stone
Publisher: USACE, Engineer Research & Development Center
This 1969 Army training manual provides an excellent introduction to phased array radar, the Safeguard system, and the SAM-D system (early version of Patriot). It's in three pdf files that were originally on Rolf D. Gorigk's Nike Missile site, which unfortunately no longer exists.
Publisher: U.S. Army Missile and Munitions Center and School
"This paper is in response to the President's direction to review the Safeguard program annually in accordance
with his public commitment of March 14, 1969. The review covers:
- technical problems and progress
- changes in the threat
- progress in the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks"
The low quality images in the HAER photo copy are not included in the PDF.
To view these photos in high resolution on the Library of Congress web site, use
HAER ND-9 Volume 2 Photo Index
Discusses Corps of Engineers negotiations with primary contractor Morrison-Knudsen regarding payment of charges resulting from change orders to more than 75% of the 4,500 construction drawings.
A history of the U.S. ABM deployment from a political perspective with implications for the current NMD system. Includes original letters, memos, telegrams, etc. from Nixon, Kissinger, and others involved in the deployment of Sentinel/Safeguard.
Editor: William Burr
Website: The National Security Archive, George Washington University
From David McKinney: This documentation is a description of the computer program, which provided the OCE (Office of the Chief of Engineers (Army)) with a mathematical model of the Cooper-Bessemer LSV-16 diesel engine with associated electrical generating equipment and synchronous fuel control to exercise and to predict the performance of the diesel engine power system to electrical load changes and air shock waves due to changes in the environment. Mathematics wizards will love it!
A History of the Aerospace Group of the General Electric Company
This excerpt chronicles GE's involvement in ballistic missile defense from Nike-Zeus through the Safeguard PAR and several later systems (Pave Paws, Hardsite Defense).
General overview of the Safeguard system, with an interesting discussion about the Safeguard System Master Plan (SSMP) Part 2.08, Safeguard Design Threat and the intelligence inputs to it.
Author: LTC Robert C. Westerfeldt
Publisher: Army Research & Development News Magazine
"The Safeguard Lightning Evaluation Task Group was established by the Sprint and
Spartan electrical environment working groups to assess the lightning vulnerability of the
warhead sections for the Sprint and Spartan systems."
